{"id":2367,"date":"2025-05-12T16:11:37","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T14:11:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/?p=2367"},"modified":"2025-06-13T10:33:10","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T08:33:10","slug":"la-via-lactea-y-su-halo-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/?p=2367","title":{"rendered":"La V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea y su halo &#8211; lectura f\u00e1cil"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-heading-font-family eplus-wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\" wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">La V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">La&nbsp;<strong>V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea<\/strong>&nbsp;es la galaxia en la que vivimos.<br>Una&nbsp;<strong>galaxia<\/strong>&nbsp;es un grupo muy grande de estrellas, gas y polvo que est\u00e1 unido por la gravedad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">La V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea tiene&nbsp;<strong>forma de espiral<\/strong>.<br>Podemos distinguir 3 partes principales:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\" wp-block-list eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-57483f\">\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El\u00a0<strong>bulbo central<\/strong>, que est\u00e1 en el centro.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El\u00a0<strong>disco<\/strong>, que tiene brazos en forma de espiral.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El\u00a0<strong>halo<\/strong>, que es una esfera grande que rodea al disco y al bulbo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El disco es muy grande.<br>Mide unos&nbsp;<strong>100 mil a\u00f1os luz<\/strong>&nbsp;de di\u00e1metro.<br>Pero es muy&nbsp;<strong>fino<\/strong>, solo tiene&nbsp;<strong>1.000 a\u00f1os luz<\/strong>&nbsp;de grosor.<br>Adem\u00e1s,&nbsp;<strong>no es plano<\/strong>, sino que tiene una forma&nbsp;<strong>ligeramente curvada<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El&nbsp;<strong>Sistema Solar<\/strong>, donde est\u00e1 la Tierra,<br>se encuentra en uno de los brazos m\u00e1s externos del disco.<br>Est\u00e1 a unos&nbsp;<strong>26 mil a\u00f1os luz<\/strong>&nbsp;del centro de la galaxia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">En ese centro hay un&nbsp;<strong>agujero negro muy grande<\/strong>, llamado&nbsp;<strong>Sagitario A*<\/strong>.<br>Este agujero negro pesa unas&nbsp;<strong>4,2 millones de veces m\u00e1s que el Sol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\" wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity eplus-wrapper\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-heading-font-family eplus-wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\" wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">El halo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El&nbsp;<strong>halo<\/strong>&nbsp;de la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea tiene&nbsp;<strong>forma de esfera<\/strong>.<br>Es muy grande: puede tener hasta&nbsp;<strong>medio mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os luz<\/strong>&nbsp;de radio.<br>Ese radio se mide desde el centro de la galaxia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El halo est\u00e1 formado principalmente por:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\" wp-block-list eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-a471b5\">\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Materia oscura<\/strong>, que\u00a0<strong>no se puede ver<\/strong>,<br>pero sabemos que existe por la gravedad que produce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><strong>C\u00famulos globulares<\/strong>, que son grupos muy densos de estrellas.<br>Estos c\u00famulos pueden tener\u00a0<strong>millones de estrellas<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">La&nbsp;<strong>materia oscura<\/strong>&nbsp;act\u00faa como una&nbsp;<strong>estructura invisible<\/strong>,<br>como un andamio que sostiene las estrellas y c\u00famulos del halo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Los&nbsp;<strong>c\u00famulos globulares<\/strong>&nbsp;que est\u00e1n m\u00e1s lejos del centro<br>son los&nbsp;<strong>m\u00e1s antiguos<\/strong>&nbsp;de la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea.<br>Tienen unos&nbsp;<strong>13.500 millones de a\u00f1os<\/strong>,<br>casi tan antiguos como el&nbsp;<strong>Big Bang<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\" wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity eplus-wrapper\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-heading-font-family eplus-wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\" wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">Una historia de colisiones<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El&nbsp;<strong>halo<\/strong>&nbsp;nos cuenta la historia de la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Hace entre&nbsp;<strong>7 y 10 mil millones de a\u00f1os<\/strong>,<br>una&nbsp;<strong>galaxia m\u00e1s peque\u00f1a<\/strong>&nbsp;choc\u00f3 contra la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Esa galaxia se llama&nbsp;<strong>Gaia-Salchicha-Enc\u00e9lado<\/strong>.<br>Sus estrellas se mezclaron con las de nuestra galaxia<br>y quedaron repartidas por el&nbsp;<strong>halo de gas y materia oscura<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\" wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity eplus-wrapper\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-heading-font-family eplus-wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\" wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">El modelo 3D<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Con toda esta informaci\u00f3n,<br>se ha creado un&nbsp;<strong>modelo en 3D<\/strong>&nbsp;de la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea y su halo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">En este modelo se ve:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\" wp-block-list eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-ea047b\">\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">El\u00a0<strong>halo<\/strong>, representado con una\u00a0<strong>rejilla<\/strong>\u00a0que simboliza la materia oscura y el gas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Los\u00a0<strong>c\u00famulos globulares<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<strong>estrellas<\/strong>\u00a0como bolitas dentro del halo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">En el centro, se muestra el\u00a0<strong>disco de la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Los c\u00famulos y estrellas del modelo&nbsp;<strong>no est\u00e1n a escala<\/strong><br>y&nbsp;<strong>no son datos reales<\/strong>, solo sirven para ayudar a comprender mejor la galaxia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\" wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-info has-heading-font-family has-custom-font eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-family:heading\">Este trabajo ha sido realizado con una ayuda de la convocatoria de Proyectos I+D+i \u201cPruebas de Concepto\u201d 2022 (PDC2022), financiada por la Uni\u00f3n Europea a trav\u00e9s de los Fondos NextGenerationEU, Plan de Recuperaci\u00f3n, Transformaci\u00f3n y Resiliencia. Referencia: PDC2022-133930-I00.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group eplus-wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\" wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex eplus-styles-uid-9a29bf\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<a class=\"gb-button gb-button-57382cc1 gb-button-text\" href=\"https:\/\/sirio.uv.es:9091\/sharing\/1EPaOmUFj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Descarga el modelo<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:67px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\" wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-text-color has-link-color has-heading-font-family has-medium-font-size has-custom-font eplus-wrapper wp-elements-31634f5ac128c4d57f41477d70c47a7e eplus-styles-uid-cfa858\" style=\"color:#90f808;font-family:heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/?page_id=407\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"407\">M\u00e1s noticias<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea La&nbsp;V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea&nbsp;es la galaxia en la que vivimos.Una&nbsp;galaxia&nbsp;es un grupo muy grande de estrellas, gas y polvo que est\u00e1 unido por la gravedad. La V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea tiene&nbsp;forma de espiral.Podemos distinguir 3 partes principales: El disco es muy grande.Mide unos&nbsp;100 mil a\u00f1os luz&nbsp;de di\u00e1metro.Pero es muy&nbsp;fino, solo tiene&nbsp;1.000 a\u00f1os luz&nbsp;de grosor.Adem\u00e1s,&nbsp;no es plano, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2264,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[74,80,77],"class_list":["post-2367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-lectura-facil","tag-galaxias","tag-materia-oscura","tag-via-lactea"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/MW-halo-color.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2367"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2842,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2367\/revisions\/2842"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrokit.uv.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}